Mega-
1/10th. A decimeter, for example, is 1/10th of a meter or 10cm.
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The prefix "nano" = 1/1,000,000,000 indicates 10^-9 or a billionth.
A millionth of an inch is called a microinch. It is a unit of length equal to one millionth of an inch or 25.4 nanometers. Microinches are commonly used in engineering, particularly in precision machining and manufacturing processes where extremely small tolerances are required.
1 gram = 1,000 milligrams so 1/2 gram = 500 milligrams
The prefix "micro" means 1 millionth. So one million mL in 1 L.
A microliter is one millionth of a liter, or 1*10-6 liters.