One degree in the Kelvin scale is equal to one degree in the Celsius scale. They do however have different 'starting' points. Celsius starts (zero degrees 00 C) at the freezing temperature of water. Kelvin starts (zero degrees 00 K) is at absolute zero. Which is the coldest temperature obtainable. This temperature is equal to -273.150 C
0 degrees celsius indicates the freezing point of water at sealevel with normal air pressure (one standard atmosphere). At 100 degrees celsius the temperature is equal to the boiling point of water. However, a more modern calibration is made in order to make the celsius scale more accurate and to be able to compare the celsius scale with the Kelvin scale even better. The new referent points are: " absolute zero, and the triple point of VSMOW (specially purified water)." But those changes are insignificant for normal, daily use of the scale.
One of the problems with the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales is that they are not linear. We cannot say, for example, that a cup of water at 40 degrees C is twice as hot as one as 20 degrees, or that water at 20 degrees is twice as hot as water at 10 degrees. The absolute -- or Kelvin -- scale solves this problem, because it is linear.
Anders Celsius proposed this scale in 1742, defining 100 degrees as the boiling point of water and 0 degrees as the freezing point. This was reversed before his scale was actually put to use. The 100 degree difference led to the 'cent' prefix, indicating each division was 1/100 of the difference. Since 'centigrade' is a geometric measurement of angles in Spanish-speaking countries, it was sometimes called the Celsius scale but it was not until 1948 that this name was officially adopted by the scientific community.
There is no such person. Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin were all people, but only one of them was an astronomer: Anders Celsius. But he died in the 18th century.