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A step-down transformer accepts a given voltage on the primary winding (coil), and outputs a lower voltage on its secondary winding. A good example is a doorbell transformer you might buy for your home. It uses 120 volts from the house electrical system and steps it down to a safer 18 volts used to ring the doorbell. The voltage produced is a function of the 'turns-ratio' of the transformer. For example, if the transformer has 500 turns of wire in the primary, and 125 turns of wire in the secondary, we would say it has a turns ratio of 4:1 (pronounced "four-to-one"). If we feed 120 volts into the primary, the secondary would produce 30 volts. 120:30 = 4:1

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Q: What are stepdown transformers used for?
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