vitamin B1,B2,B3,E, Folic acid, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper,iron and fiber are lost when wheat is processed into plain flour
No. Rice flour is made from rice. Plain flour is refined wheat flour. Self rising flour is refined wheat flour with baking powder and salt already in it. Wheat flour has gluten, rice flour does not and cannot be used to substitute for wheat flour.
Wheat
The store mix has to list the ingredients and be specific. Wheat flour instead of Oat, Rice, Buck Wheat or some other type. Plain flour means all purpose, not self rising, cake or bread flour. All purpose or plain flour being wheat flour.
Yes. Wheat flour is the same as Plain Flour. Unless recipe calls for whole-wheat flour, that would mean wholemeal flour.
"White flour" is wheat flour, it's just been processed in a slightly different way. It's perfectly fine to use whole wheat flour instead of white flour in a pizza crust.
White bread is made from wheat flour that has been processed to remove the bran and germ - thereby making it white. Whole wheat bread has been made with whole wheat flour - four that has been processed from the intact grain. Whole wheat bread will naturally contain more fiber. There are some recent varieties of wheat that produce a whiter flour. You can find them on the grocery shelf labeled as "white whole wheat".
One can make other types of flour using all purpose flour, but not the reverse. The other flours have additional things added, foe example, Bread flour has wheat gluten and Self rising flour has salt and baking powders.
"Strong flour" is the British term for high gluten flour made from "duram" wheat, literally, "strong" wheat. In the U.S., this is known as bread flour. It is used for baking yeast breads, where a chewy texture is desirable. Bread flour has a higher percentage of protein, which forms the elastic, chewy, texture of gluten.
Most people use an all-purpose white flour made from wheat, but I've seen recipes that called for whole wheat, rice, or buckwheat flours as well
A protein called gluten (glutenin) is responsible for the wheat flour's elastic properties. If there is more gluten in the flour, it makes it easier for the flour to have a rough texture and vice versa. High gluten flours are produced from hard wheat. Example of high gluten flour is bread and pizza. Cake flour is produced from soft gluten flour.
Maida is prepared by refining wheat flour to remove the bran and germ, resulting in a fine-textured white flour. The wheat flour is processed through a series of grinding, bleaching, and sifting to achieve the desired quality and texture of maida.