Yes, ethyl alcohol (95% grain alcohol) is commonly used in herbal extracts not just as a solvent, but to prevent molds and bacteria from forming. In the case of specific foods, I'm unaware of any, but citric acid, potassium sorbate, salt, sorbic acid and even ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are used to prevent the re-fermentation of wines, to stop the browning of a recently cut banana or apple.
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Almost all fruits and vegetables can be canned as long as they are high in acid. Low acid fruits, vegetables, and meats must be canned using the pressure bath method. Refer to the National Center for Home Food Preservation (NCHFP) website. It has information that has been scientifically developed, tested, and approved for the canning and preservation of meats, fruits, and vegetables. They have many recipes and detailed methods for preparing them properly.
Generally, just fruit are preserved in alcohol - like peaches, plums, grape and cherries. See Related Links.