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answ2. Cones. Assuming you mean the optical colour sensors, these come in three colour sensitivities, (just known as Short, Medium, and Long) and these give us colour vision. You have about 5 million cone cells in each eye, and about 90 million rod cells.

The rod cells see only light, not colour, but are about 100 times more sensitive than the cones. This is why at night, you have inferior colour vision.

Your cone cells are grouped in the centre of your vision, the fovea, and you'll easily be able to see things at night, "out of the side of your eye" by looking slightly away from your subject of interest. In fact, you may even see a 'hazy region' in the middle of the field of view where there appears to be no definition. This is because the (inactive) cone cells dominate in this region.

Most animals have no colour vision, for it is of no advantage to them. Birds, bees and butterflies have excellent colour vision (Up to five colour sensors) for their ability to distinguish fruit ripeness is vital to them.

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Q: What are cones made of?
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