Non-judicial procedures are used by states that use deeds of trust as the security instrument for purchasing real property. This procedure is in contrast to states that use a judicial procedure when a mortgage is the security instrument for a loan to purchase real property. See link provided below. Additional Information Many states avoid the judicial foreclosure process, and instead, the mortgage lender notifies the borrower with a notice of default. Since the mortgage loan terms already specify that a sale process kicks off right away (without going through the court system) - the lender can start the foreclosure process very quickly. Then the borrower has a fixed period of time (which varies state by state) to either sell the home, or negotiate to solve the financial problem. If the consumer does not accomplish this on their own, the mortgage lender then can come in and auction off the home to the highest bidder.
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These are all the mortgage walkaway trustee sale states, meaning they are non-judicial foreclosure states.In those states, generally, when they foreclose on you, they cannot pursue you for their financial losses.Many, such as California, do in theory allow a lender to choose judicial foreclosure but in those cases the lenders only do so if a borrower has significant other assets. This is the "one action" rule that lets the lender either pursue non-judicial foreclosure, at lower cost and less time, or judicial foreclosure that costs more money and takes more time but lets them go after you for their financial losses.AlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoDistrict of Columbia (Washington DC)GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoMississippiMissouriMontana (as long as non-judicial foreclosure is used)Nevada - note that the lender CAN get a deficiency judgment (See below)New HampshireOregonTennesseeTexas (but even in a non-judicial foreclosure, the lender can pursue a deficiency judgment)VirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaThese are states that also allow non-judicial foreclosure, and/or where non-judicial foreclosure is more common and deficiency judgments can be obtained more easily:MichiganMinnesotaNorth CarolinaRhode IslandSouth DakotaUtahWyoming
Wisconsin lenders may foreclose on deeds of trusts or mortgages in default using either a judicial or non-judicial foreclosure process. If Judicial Foreclosure The judicial process of foreclosure, which involves filing a lawsuit to obtain a court order to foreclose, is used when no power of sale is present in the mortgage or deed of trust. Generally, after the court declares a foreclosure, the property will be auctioned off to the highest bidder. However, in Wisconsin, no sale may be made for one year from the date the judgment is entered unless the lender waives the right to a deficiency, in which case the delay is six months, or two months if the property is abandoned. Sales by consent may be earlier. If Non-Judicial Foreclosure The non-judicial process of foreclosure is used when a power of sale clause exists in a mortgage or deed of trust. A "power of sale" clause is the clause in a deed of trust or mortgage, in which the borrower pre-authorizes the sale of property to pay off the balance on a loan in the event of the their default. In deeds of trust or mortgages where a power of sale exists, the power given to the lender to sell the property may be executed by the lender or their representative, typically referred to as the trustee.
Shays led a group of farmers against the local judicial government in order to prevent the foreclosure of their land.
Non-recourse states cannot pursue you for their financial losses. Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado District of Columbia (Washington DC) Georgia [THIS IS INCORRECT. GEORGIA IS A RECOURSE STATE] Hawaii Idaho Mississippi Missouri Montana (if non-judicial foreclosure is used) Nevada - (lender can get a deficiency judgment) New Hampshire Oregon Tennessee Texas (lender can get a deficiency judgment) Virginia Washington West Virginia The following states allow non-judicial foreclosure: Georgia [Georgia allows non-judicial foreclosures] Michigan Minnesota North Carolina Rhode Island South Dakota Utah Wyoming
deed of trust