All cells originate from a previous cell, and if there is only one of them it is called the "parent cell". In the context of reproducing, the cell made from a parent cell is called the "daughter cell".
The actual separation or division of the parent cell is called cytokinesis. This is the process where the cytoplasm of the parent cell is divided into two daughter cells following the completion of mitosis.
In eukaryotes, there are two distinct types of cell division: a vegetative division, whereby each daughter cell is genetically identical to the parent cell (mitosis), and a reproductive cell division, whereby the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is reduced by half to produce haploid gametes (meiosis).
The starting cell that divides into two identical cells in mitosis is called a parent cell or a mother cell.
eggs, or ovum
Plants have a structure called a cell plate which partitions the daughter cell from parent cell.
The parent of a cell.
A cell with pairs of chromosomes is called a diploid cell. Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
During cell division, a parent cell undergoes a process called mitosis, where it duplicates its DNA and divides it into two identical sets. This prepares the cell to create two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. The parent cell also duplicates its organelles and other cellular components to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set during division.
The parent cell that divides to produce daughter cells is typically called the "mother cell" or "parent cell." The daughter cells are the resultant cells of cell division.
Eukaryotic cell division is called mitosis. It is the process by which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell's DNA during the process of cell division called "DNA replication." This process ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information identical to the parent cell.