Wood by itself is actually quite strong. However, plywood is constructed so that each layer of veneer is oriented on the bias, that is the ply or grain of each layer is alternated so that each is perpendicular to each other layer.
The actual wood used could be almost anything, though pine is most common. Plywood is actually a type of manufactured wood with alternating layers glued together with their grain oriented perpendicular to increase the strength.
Timber is 'TANALISED' (treated) in an industrial treatment vessel using TANALITH preservative applied using vacuum pressure technology. TANALITH and TANALISED are registered trade marks of the preservative manufacturer, Arch Timber Protection, and may only be used to describe industrial timber treatment using TANALITH preservative. The treatment process consists of 5 stages: 1. Timber is loaded into the treatment vessel. An initial vacuum is applied, and the timber cells are evacuated of air. This vacuum is held. 2. The cylinder is flooded under vacuum with TANALITH wood preservative. 3. Hydraulic pressure is applied, forcing the preservative deep into the structure of the timber. 4. A final vacuum extracts excess preservative solution, which is then pumped back into storage. 5. Low pressure inside timber draws in surface solution when vented to atmosphere. The treated timber is then left to dry - a minimum holding time of 48 hours is recommended. In Europe, TANALITH E preservative is used, which contains copper and triazole biocides, which are commonly used to protect food crops. TANALISED E pressure treated timber can be used in a range of applications, from construction timbers through to heavy duty, highway fencing applications, where a desired service life of 15 years plus can reasonably be expected. Note that where TANALISED treated timber is cross cut, notched or bored following treatment, liberal coating of ENSELE end grain preservative is required to maintain the integrity of the preservative system. Further information on TANALITH E and the treatment process can be found on the Arch Timber Protection website at www.archtp.com. General information regarding timber treatments is available on the Wikipedia site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wood_preservation
Grain boundary scattering refers to the magnetism that copper holds. By using grain boundary scattering, copper is more resistant to a magnetic pull.
by placing the insects/animals in the sprayed grain....
The direction of the grain in timber significantly impacts the strength of the wood. Wood is strongest along the grain, so a piece of timber with the grain running parallel to the load will be stronger than if the grain runs perpendicular to the load. This is because the fibers in the wood provide more support and resistance to forces acting along the grain.
The ratio of elastic modulus of structural timber in the longitudinal direction to that in the transverse direction is typically around 10:1. This means that timber is much stiffer and stronger in the direction parallel to the grain compared to perpendicular to the grain. This anisotropic behavior should be considered in design and construction to ensure structural integrity.
Timber is stronger across the grain than along the grain.
The three main surfaces of wood are end grain, face grain, and edge grain. End grain is the surface that is perpendicular to the growth rings, face grain is parallel to the growth rings, and edge grain is perpendicular to both the end and face grain.
Plywood is made up of layers of wood veneers that are glued together under pressure. Solid wood is the result of a single, solid piece of timber being cut into boards. The grain in plywood runs perpendicular to the surface while the grain in solid wood runs parallel to it.
A grain of fabric refers to the direction of the threads in the fabric. Fabrics have three grains: lengthwise grain (parallel to the selvage edge), crosswise grain (perpendicular to the selvage edge), and bias grain (45-degree angle to the lengthwise or crosswise grain). Each grain behaves differently when fabric is cut or manipulated.
The grain - is the pattern in the wood, showing the direction of the fibres.
In many ways, firstly for grain quality. Age, type of timber, dampness/dryness
Rolling shear
I believe that would be a bandsaw.
For the tree's timber, a common name is 'honeysuckle'. It is a beautiful timber, carrying a complex grain of ribbons.
A slot or trench cut into the surface of a piece of machinable material, usually wood. When viewed in cross-section, a dado has three sides. A dado is cut across, or perpendicular to, the grain and is thus differentiated from a groove which is cut with, or parallel to, the grain. by Dash from Philippines