a control group is a group where nothing is changed. the experimental group is where you change one factor
two examples:
experimental group: 3 cups vinegar, 1 tablespoon baking soda, 5 drops food coloring
control group: 2 cups vinegar, 1 tablespoon baking soda, 5 drops food coloring
experimental group: plants with 4 hours of sunlight, 1/2 cup water every other day, fertilizer, warm room
control group: plants with 4 hours of sunlight, 1/4 cup water every single day, fertilizer, warm room
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A positive control is essential if you don't have a positive control how eould you know if your test worked or if the test just failed if nothing else is positive? Likewise a negative control is essential for the opposite reason if everything comes up positive then you wouldn't know if you contaminated everything.
Positive controls are things you do not change. for example; to see what kind of liquid a plant will grow faster in, your positive control is the plant, the rest you change and experiment with.
To compare data
The independent variable in an controlled experiment is what you are changing
The control is there to compare the difference between it and the experiment. It should not change, but will be affected by the same environmental influences. By checking the control you can rule out environmental influences that may also have affected your experiment.
All science experiments are performed in a controlled manner which means, there will be a positive control, a negative control and importantly the subject sample(s) who's behavior is not known. The experimental observation must be positive with the positive control sample and negative with the negative control sample, no matter whatever the condition is. Only in this set up the result of a subject (which is the actual unknown experimental sample) would be considered as a faithful result.Any fault or irregularities of the controls will destroy the authenticity of an experiment.
a control is something that stays the same in an experiment