It doesn't. Superconductors have no (virtually no) losses, they are purely inductive. This has no bearing on how current flows. Normal conductor will heat up due to resistive losses of the line (I^2 R losses), while a superconductor shouldn't.
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The molecules of a superconductor are arranged in a way that allows their electrons to flow through it with almost nothing getting in their way. The best superconductors need to be chilled to an extremely low temperature in order to get their molecules so tightly organized.
Ampacity must be derated depending on the number of conductors and the ambient temperature. In the Canadian Electrical Code Table 5C denotes derating for the number of conductors. 1-3 conductors = 100% load 4-6 conductors = 80% 7-24 conductors = 70% 25-42 conductors = 60% 43 or more conductors = 50%
I think you mean spacing between line conductors, rather than phase conductors. If there is a greater spacing between line conductors in one circuit, compared with anothercircuit, then the two circuits are operating at different voltages.
One of the main disadvantages of copper cables is that copper is expensive compared with other metals such as iron or aluminum. Copper can also corrode, though not as much as some other metals.
It depends on your definition of efficiency. 480 can certainly push more power than 208 through the same size conductors, but it would not be efficient to wire a motor for 480 when 208 was all that was needed.
Our school is in need of a heating system that is more fuel-efficient than the current system. or Our school needs a heating system more fuel-efficient than the current one.