Answer for UK, Europe and countries running a 50 Hz supply service.
Standard voltages are used so that equipment can be produced cheaply in quantity. It is not economic to use a lot of different voltages.
The low-voltage standards for electricity in Europe is 230 v single phase, 400 v 3-phase.
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Answer for USA, Canada and countries running a 60 Hz supply service.
Low voltage in North America 120/240 single phase. Main three phase voltages are 120/208, 277/480 and 347/600. Any leg to ground on the three phase or leg to leg voltages can also be classed as single phase.
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