Friedrich August Haselwander
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An induction motor rotating at higher than synchronous speed would be generating power, thus would be a generator. No motor operating as a motor runs above synchronous speed.
A 60Hz synchronous motor spins at synchronous speed - if it's a two pole motor it will spin at exactly 1800 rpms. An asynchronous motor will spin at a speed lower than the power supply frequency - a symilar asynchronous motor may spin at 1700 rpms.
A synchronous motor can be a type of 3-Phase AC motor, or not.A synchronous motor is defined by the period of the rotor being synchronized with the frequency of the stator windings' current. The stator windings might be 3-Phase or not (2-Phase would work).Also synchronous motors are not the only type of 3-Phase AC motors. An induction motor could also be 3-Phase AC and has a few advantages and disadvantages over a synchronous motor.
Synchronous motor or induction motor
A synchronous motor can operate as either a Generator or a Motor.When a synchronous motor has current applied to the windings on its rotor and the stator is energized with say a 50hz line supply (with little or no physical load) then the exact amount of excitation provided by the rotor can determine whether the stator displays inductive or capacitive properties.If the rotor is under excited (too Little rotor current) the Synchronous Motor will behave as an Inductor, however if the rotor is over excited then the Synchronous Motor will behave like a Capacitor.Hope this helps