What is the significance of back emf?

Answer 1

Back emf in a DC Motor plays a role of a regulator,We know the basic equation V=IaRa+Eb,where Ia,Ra are is the current through and resistance of the armature coil,Eb is the back emf and V is the Pd applied.Consider,

Ia=V-Eb/Ra,The value of Ra is really small, just a few ohms and V would generally be around 240-220V(Indian conditions),assuming Eb to be zero(at the time of starting),it shows that Ia comes to be a really large value that the motor coil can barely handle,thats why we use a 3,2 POINT Starter that avoids large starting current,Now in the running condition of the motor Back emf would naturally be produced(say around 200V) this tends to reduce the value of(V-Eb), thus stopping a large current from entering the coil.But as the Load applied to the motor increases , Back emf would naturally come down to allow more current to enter the coil upto its rated value,to deliver the load requirement.thus Eb acts as a regulator.(Eb opposes the applied voltage)

Answer 2

According to motor eq. Eb=v-Ia.Ra.And the speed of motor is directly proportional to back EMF.At starting of motor speed is 0,so that Eb is also 0.As the speed increases ,Eb also increases,so that armature current decreases.As the Eb decreases ,so that Ia increases.In this way the back EMF makes the motor self regulating to take armature current as per requriment of motor.Because of this reason EMF also called governor principle of DC motor.This is most important significance of Back EMF. The back EMF is Explaned with lenses Law