You cannot point at a class, you can only point at an instance of a class, which is simply another term for an object. The class is essentially the object's type; it define's the object's behaviour, but is not the object in and of itself. The class also defines a pointer's type, so we can point at instances of a class and access the the object it represents through indirection.
A function is a procedure that (optionally) acts upon given data and (optionally) returns a value or a reference to a value. However, the function and the given data are completely separate entities.
A class is a type that (generally) encapsulates data and the procedures that act upon that data into a single entity known as an object. An object is an instance of a class (the class defines the object's type).
Member methods are the functions of a class while member variables are the data of a class. There is no need to pass member variables to a member method, since the class itself encapsulates all its members and can therefore access them directly. That is, the data and functions are not separated -- they are both part of the same entity. However, external (separate) data can still be passed to member methods when required, to initialise or set a member variable for instance.
The same as in any object-oriented language. A class - which is where the actual programming is done - is a template to create objects. Objects are created on the basis of the classes. If you consider classes as new data types, the class is the definition of a new data type, while the objects are individual variables of this new data type.
There is no such thing. When declaring a friend function only the explicitly-scoped friend is granted private access. The friend function may well be declared virtual within its own class but none of its overrides are granted access unless they are explicitly granted access.
An attribute is a class member variable while a behaviour is a class member method.
If you are asking about member functions. When we declare a function inside a class then that function becomes member function of that class and this function can access the whole class
A constructor is a method that fires when the object is instantiated. A friend function is a function that has special access to the object. They are two different types of things, and cannot be further differenced.
Private construction prevents objects from the class from being instantiated other than via a static member function of the class, a friend function or a friend class.
There is no such thing. When declaring a friend function only the explicitly-scoped friend is granted private access. The friend function may well be declared virtual within its own class but none of its overrides are granted access unless they are explicitly granted access.
An attribute is a class member variable while a behaviour is a class member method.
If you are asking about member functions. When we declare a function inside a class then that function becomes member function of that class and this function can access the whole class
A private member can only be accessed by other methods of the same class, while a public member can be accessed by methods of any class or by non class code.
A constructor is a method that fires when the object is instantiated. A friend function is a function that has special access to the object. They are two different types of things, and cannot be further differenced.
B. Class.
Private construction prevents objects from the class from being instantiated other than via a static member function of the class, a friend function or a friend class.
C++ is easier to use as you have to learn slightly less and script slightly to make your function(s) work.
Nothing stops a member function from changing any of the values in a class. By convention, an accessor function is used to give read only access to class data, but that does not mean that it is prohibited from doing so. It is a member function, after all, and it has all the rights of any member function of the class.
Basic types (primitive data types) have no methods associated with them.
A self-referential function in C++, or in any other supporting language, is a recursive function.
The keyword is friend. The external function must be declared a friend of the class (from within the class itself) in order to become a member of the class and thus gain access to the private (and protected) members of the class.