1636 ft pounds
it's fairly simple. The shear strength of the material must be known. Steel is normally 44000 psi in single shear and 88000 psi in double shear. The cross-sectional area of the nail times the shear strength will give you the point of failure of the nail itself, or maximum destructive load. s x a = l Example: an 8d common nail has a diameter of 0.131 inches and a shear strength of 45000 psi the destructive load capacity of the nail in single shear is: 45000 psi x (0.131" x 0.131" x 0.78539) = 606.513 pounds of force. Divide this number by the required factor of safety to get the maximum design capacity for your structure. [ often f.s. = 3, 4, or 5] * cross-sectional area = diameter squared times 1/4 pi note: shear strengths of nails often exceed the crush strength of the material in which they are used.
You cannot use a screw to replace a 16 penny nail, as it will not have near enough shear strength. You can easily see this in action by driving a nail halfway into a board, and likewise sinking a screw halfway down. Now hit them both with a hammer perpendicular to their direction of attachment. However, if your application is not structural you will want a 3.5" screw "coarse thread" or about 8 gauge...(coarse thread will look similar to a sheetrock screw thread)
A screw will have more holding force. As far as shear force, a screw is made from harder material and will break where a nail will bend.
Just like axial stress, shear stress is force divided by area. The area is the surface the force acts over. For example, imagine two wood blocks that are nailed together. If you apply a force to the top block orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the nail and the same force in the opposite direction to the bottom block, the shear stress (𝝉) in the nail is 𝝉 = F/A or F/(πr2) where r is the radius of the nail.
1636 ft pounds
75lb
it's fairly simple. The shear strength of the material must be known. Steel is normally 44000 psi in single shear and 88000 psi in double shear. The cross-sectional area of the nail times the shear strength will give you the point of failure of the nail itself, or maximum destructive load. s x a = l Example: an 8d common nail has a diameter of 0.131 inches and a shear strength of 45000 psi the destructive load capacity of the nail in single shear is: 45000 psi x (0.131" x 0.131" x 0.78539) = 606.513 pounds of force. Divide this number by the required factor of safety to get the maximum design capacity for your structure. [ often f.s. = 3, 4, or 5] * cross-sectional area = diameter squared times 1/4 pi note: shear strengths of nails often exceed the crush strength of the material in which they are used.
A 16 penny nail is typically made of steel, which provides strength and durability for various construction projects. The term "16 penny" refers to the nail's size and weight, with longer nails typically having a higher penny size.
You cannot use a screw to replace a 16 penny nail, as it will not have near enough shear strength. You can easily see this in action by driving a nail halfway into a board, and likewise sinking a screw halfway down. Now hit them both with a hammer perpendicular to their direction of attachment. However, if your application is not structural you will want a 3.5" screw "coarse thread" or about 8 gauge...(coarse thread will look similar to a sheetrock screw thread)
An 8 penny nail (abbreviated as 8d) is 2.5 inches in length. A 10 penny nail (10d) is 3 inches in length.
A 16d (16 penny) nail is larger. The larger the "penny" the larger the nail. But the lengths can vary, but generally an 8d is 2.5" and an 16d is 3 - 3.5".
a penny
The nail length The strength of the nail The shape of the nail occasions
A screw will have more holding force. As far as shear force, a screw is made from harder material and will break where a nail will bend.
Coke will not melt a penny or a nail; that process would involve heat. Instead, the acid from the soda may oxidize some of the metal atoms in the penny and the nail, causing them to become ions and soluble. The some of the metal will dissolve, causing the penny or nail to become pitted and tarnished. However, these objects will not melt.
It is a measure of the size of the nail, the term dating back to the 1500s. The penny nail size was originally the price in pennies of 100 nails of that size.