The term "random access" is not normally applied to machines. It is normally used to refer to a form of data storage in which data on any part of the medium can be accessed in constant time.
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Random Access & Sequential Access
Random access simply means the ability to read and write anywhere in the file, as opposed to sequential access where data is simply appended to the end of the file and is accessed by traversing from the start of the file in sequential order. Random access is ideally suited to data arrays where every element in the file is exactly the same length, allowing constant-time traversal from one element to any other, in both directions. If the data is also sorted, random access also allows binary search to improve search efficiency.
Sequential and random access.
DRAM stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory
RAM = Random Access Memory