Longitudinal aircraft dynamics
variables are (small) deviations from operating point or trim conditions
state (components):
u: velocity of aircraft along body axis
v: velocity of aircraft perpendicular to body axis
(down is positive)
: angle between body axis and horizontal
(up is positive)
q : angular velocity of aircraft (pitch rate)
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longitudinal wave
Aerospace Engineering degree provides a basic knowledge of engineering that will allow you to get a beginning position in any design field. This include aircraft structures, structural dynamics, fluid dynamics, mechanical controls and computer controls. One speciality is flight dynamics that can get a job of flight simulator design. I've known one graduate who was hired by an Insurance company because of knowledge of the various disciplines: i.e. electrical, chemical, mechanical, etc.
Software Dynamics was created in 1987.
Airplanes are usually towed out of the gate of an airport. This is because an aircraft can reverse normally. They do have reverse thrust but essentially it is just reversing the flow of exhaust from the engines so it slows the aircraft from going forward. Furthermore, reverse thrust is almost exclusively used on landings to slow the aircraft down, other than that, the aircraft no way to move backwards. So to compensate, extremely powerful tugs or push back tractors are used to move the airplane out of the gate. Other times aircraft would be towed would be when they have trouble maneuvering in a small space. In this position, a vehicle meant for driving on the ground would be better suited than a plane.
Nope, longitudinal.