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Q: What is magnetic inrush?
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Does a transformer draw a lot of current when first connected to a source?

Yes it does as it is an Inductor and an Inductor needs to build up a magnetic field. It is called INRUSH current.


What is the difference between the inrush current and the fault current?

Magnetizing inrush current has bigger 2nd harmonics compare to short circuit current. the second harmonics content is about >60% of fundamental harmonic. magnetizing inrush current happened when we energised the transformer, and short circuit current happened if there is a short circuit between different alive phase.


Will a solenoid burn up?

If the core (moving part) of an AC solenoid does not move into position when energized, the current flow stays high (inrush) and overheats the coil. Normally the magnetic properties change and the current drops to a lower holding value so the coil does not overheat. DC solenoids do not have this problem.


In-rush current phenomena in transformer?

Inrush is due to the saturation of the core of the transformer.When the highside device closes to energize the transformer, it does not always do so right at a voltage peak. The transformer core B (magnetic field) will be 90 degrees out of phase with the applied voltage, so a peak voltage close is ideal. Once it is closed, the B will continue up and down 90 degrees out of phase with the voltage. Assuming there is no residual magnetic field (B starts at zero), it will be offset by the initial non - peak close. This offset in magnetic field will cause the core to go into saturation; depending on the core design it may be further or less into saturation on different transformers.When the core saturates, large currents flow, and these currents (normally) have a high 2nd harmonic component which is used in protective relaying to restrain for inrush.


Region around a magnet in which magnetic force can act?

Magnetic freild