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Very simply put, a gene is a region of DNA that codes for a protein DNA is composed of 4 different nucleotide bases- guanine, adenine, thymine, and cytosine. A group of three of these is called a codon. A codon codes for a particular amino acid. A protein is composed of a chain of amino acids put together in the codons are in. Therefore the genetic information is the sequence of codons and by extension the sequence of nucleotide bases.

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Why is DNA shaped like a double helix?

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