Hashing is the most common form of purely random access to a file or database. It is
also used to access columns that do not have an index as an optimisation technique.
Hash functions calculate the address of the page in which the record is to be stored
based on one or more fields in the record. The records in a hash file appear randomly
distributed across the available space. It requires some hashing algorithm and the
technique. Hashing Algorithm converts a primary key value into a record address. The
most popular form of hashing is division hashing with chained overflow.
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MD5 check sum is unique for a file content and is used to check the integrity of the file content. If file is to be transferred using network, recipient can calculate the MD5 hash and check it with the MD5 check sum of sender, if both are same, he can be sure of non-corruption of file in transit.
to have a data file with multiple access path is known as multi key file organization
Indexed sequential file organization. =In indexed sequential file organization, the records arestored in sequence according to a primary key and an index is created to allow random access of the file. This type of organization also allows the file to be accessed sequentially. Indexed sequential is the most commonlyused type of file organization. writer-k.k.b -montanna
hash key is an element in the hash table. it is the data that you will combine (mathematical) with hash function to produce the hash.
File based approach can be attributed to two factors: 1. the definition of the data is embedded in the application programs, rather than being stored separately and independently. 2. there is no control over the access and manipulation of data beyond that imposed by the application programs. To become more effective, a new approach was required. What emerged were the database and the DBMS (Database management system).