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Client-side DNS is a system on most modern operating systems that allows a user or administrator to specify that a certain DNS entry will correspond to a particular IP address. In most cases (that is to say, "by default") a client-side entry will be used if it exists. So, if you entered into a hosts file a domain name, and an IP address, the user using any network software would be directed to the IP address you specified, rather than the one specified by external DNS records. (In other words, you can make a domain point wherever you wanted for that machine.)

This is useful when you want to use things like virtual hosts in a local web server. You can enter any name you'd like (normally with an unused top level domain extension) and have it point back at that machine (127.0.0.1 is the loopback IP.) In a network environment, you might choose to do this so you can use friendly names, rather than remembering the specific IP address, but in most of those cases a local DNS server is used, rather than client-side DNS, now.

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Q: What is Client-side DNS?
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