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The atoms of the main semiconductor material - usually silicium or germanium - have 4 electrons in the outer shell. The impurities added have 5 electrons in their outer shell for an n-type semiconductor (for example, arsenic), or 3 electrons for a p-type semiconductor (for example, boron).
It becomes an n-type semiconductor with electrons as majority carriers because pentavalent impurities have an extra electron (valence elecron)
the impurity itself is known as the "dopant"
the process is known as "doping"
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What is an intrinsic semiconductor and what is an extrinsic semiconductor?
intrinsic semiconductor is an un-doped semiconductor, in which there is no impurities added where as extrinsic semiconductor is a doped semiconductor, which has impurities in it. Doping is a process, involving adding dopant atoms to the intrinsic semiconductor, there by gives different electrical characteristics
Does semiconductor lasers and laser diodes are similar?
Semiconductor lasers are made with laser diodes, with added circuitry to measure and regulate the diode current/output.
Small quantities of material added to semiconductor to increase electrical conduction?
are called dopants
What is extrinsic conductor?
Impure semi conductor material are called extrinsic semi conductor as there a small quantity of foreign particle is present. Two types of impurities are added to an extrinsic semi conductor. When impurities belonging to third group are called as trivalent or acceptor impurities such as boron, aluminum, indium or gallium when these impurities are added in pure semi conductors they form p-type semi conductor. And similarly when impurities belonging to group fifth called as penta valent or donor impurities such as arsenic, antimony, bismuth or phosphorus are added to a semi conductor they form N-type semi conductor .
What is the Difference between n type and p type semiconductor?
The difference between the p-type and the n-type semiconductor is that the p-type semiconductor has more holes than electrons while the n-type semiconductor has more electrons than holes.
Can a semiconductor be made to become a conductor or an insulator?
Yes, a semiconductor can be made to behave as a conductor or an insulator by controlling the amount of impurities added to it. Adding impurities through a process called doping can change the conductivity of the semiconductor material, making it act like a conductor or an insulator.
Diffrentiate n-type and p-type?
When pentavalent impurity is added to pure semiconductor, it is known as N-Type semiconductor. In N-type semiconductor electrons are majority carriers where as holes are minority carriers. impurities such as Arsenic, antimony are added. When trivalent impurity is added to pure semiconductor, it is know as P-type semiconductor. In P-type semiconductor holes are majority carriers whereas electrons are minority carriers. Impurities such as indium, galium are added.
What is doping in conductor?
The process of adding suitable impurities in the intrinsic semiconductor is called doping. The impurity added to the intrinsic semiconductor to increase its conductivity is called dopant. There are some methods of doping in case of a conductor.impurity atoms can be added to the intrinsic semiconductor in different ways discussed below:A very small quantity of impurity atoms is made by diffusing into the high purity molten material such as germanium when the crystal is grown out of melt.Impurity atoms can also be added into the intrinsic semiconductor by heating it in the environment having impurity atoms.Impurity atoms can also be added into the intrinsic semiconductor by bombarding it with the impurity atoms.
What are the intrinsic and extrinsic diodes?
Intrinsic diodes are formed by a p-n junction within a single semiconductor material, while extrinsic diodes are formed when impurities are added to a semiconductor material to alter its properties. Intrinsic diodes have natural electrical properties, while extrinsic diodes have controlled electrical properties based on the type and amount of impurities added.
When added as impurity into the silicon produces n -type semiconductor?
Phosphorus, when added as an impurity into silicon, will produce an n-type semiconductor. This is because phosphorus has five valence electrons compared to silicon's four, resulting in an extra electron that can contribute to the conductivity of the material.
Why suitable impurities are added to semiconductor depending upon its use?
Suitable impurities are added to semiconductors to modify their electrical properties for specific applications. For example, adding pentavalent impurities (like phosphorus) to silicon creates n-type semiconductors with excess electrons, which are suitable for applications like power generation. Similarly, adding trivalent impurities (like boron) creates p-type semiconductors with electron deficiencies, suitable for applications like diodes and transistors.
Can silicon conduct heat?
Pure silicon's resistance is quite high.It is an extremely important semiconductor;it is doped with boron, phosphorus, or arsenic,to increase its conductivity, it is used in various electronic circuit and switching devices, including computer chips, transistors, and diodes. .In fact ,silicon is nonmetallic to semimetallic chemical element,
How many valance electrons does a semiconductor have?
It is not the number of valence electrons that an insulator has that is important. It is the way the valence electrons are "arranged" in the structure of the material that matters. If not all the valence electrons of a substance are "involved" in the structure of the material, then these electrons are said to be free electrons. They move about in the substance, and are free to contribute to electron flow. The metals are examples. In contrast with this, if all the electrons are bound up in a material, they are not free to support current flow, and the material is said to be an insulator. Said another way, if the valence electrons in a material are in a Fermi energy level that overlaps the conduction band for that material, the material is a conductor. In an insulator, the valence electrons are all in Fermi energy levels that are below the conduction band for that material, and it is an insulator. Applying a voltage to an insulator will not "lift" the valence electrons up into the conduction band to allow them to support current flow.
What is an intrinsic semiconductor and what is an extrinsic semiconductor?
intrinsic semiconductor is an un-doped semiconductor, in which there is no impurities added where as extrinsic semiconductor is a doped semiconductor, which has impurities in it. Doping is a process, involving adding dopant atoms to the intrinsic semiconductor, there by gives different electrical characteristics
Will there be effect on melting or boiling point of a substance if another substance is added to it?
Yes, impurities have important effects on the melting and boiling point of materials.
What is the effect of adding impurity on viscosty of liquid?
Adding impurities to a liquid generally increases its viscosity. This is because impurities disrupt the flow of the liquid molecules, leading to more resistance and a thicker consistency. The extent of the increase in viscosity depends on the type and concentration of impurities added.
Why is croylite added to aluminium?
Cryolite is added to aluminum during the electrolysis process because it lowers the melting point of the aluminum oxide, making the production of aluminum more energy-efficient. It also helps improve the conductivity of the electrolyte and aids in the dissolution of aluminum oxide.
