The naming convention for variables, constants, classes, and methods involves delimiting separate words with a non-alphanumeric character such as a hyphen or underscore.
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It is called a local variable since it only exists inside the method.
The const keyword transforms a variable into a constant. This means the constant cannot be altered via that constant's identifier. The const keyword can also be applied to a class instance method, such that the method will not alter a class instance's immutable members. Note that the const keyword is merely a programming aid that provides assurances a constant will not be altered inadvertently. However, it is still possible to alter the constant by using a non-constant pointer to the constant. However you have to make a conscious effort to override constant behaviour.
if u declare variable in method & tray to use this variable outside the method then it is out of scope
Yes perfectly Legal Reason: The scope of a variable declared inside a method is only till the method's end. So by defining another variable of the same name inside a different method does not create any issues.
It really depends on the programming language, but in general, this is true. In Java, for example, the scope of a variable declared in a method is the method - outside of the method it is inaccessible, and once the method finishes execution, the variable disappears.