An opamp is a circuit of many components. It may either be built of many discrete components or be a single integrated component.
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Resistors, capacitors, diodes any component that is a recognized item byitself as a single component.
A practical opamp is designed to approach the characteristics of the ideal opamp as closely as possible. The open loop voltage gain of an ideal opamp is infinite, so while this is actually impossible to achieve practical opamps are built with as high an open loop voltage gain as possible.
741 opamp
An opamp buffer circuit is one where the input signal is connected to the plus input, and the output is connected to the minus input. Within the performance limitations of the opamp, the output will track the input. The advantage of the buffer circuit is that is presents very little load impedance to the input signal, while providing a low impedance from the output to drive whatever circuitry is connected there.
Possibly Linear, in which case it means analog. The LM324 is an opamp.