There are different kinds of trimmer capacitors, but the most common type is made from interleaved layers of metal and Mylar (or some kind of plastic) with a screw that allow the layers to be tightened together, increasing capacitance as needed. Alternate layers of metal are connected to each terminal, basically making a meshed plate capacitor, where the distance between plates is controlled by the screw.
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A mica capacitor is simply one that uses the mineral mica as the dielectric or insulator between plates.
Film capacitors cannot be replaced with ceramic or mica capacitors if used for analog signal processing. However, mica capacitors can be replaced with ceramic capacitors in general.
pass AC voltages.
Large value capacitors are difficult to make (large value inductors are even harder to make) and take up large volumes of space. One farad capacitors are available in electrolytics, but are about the size of soup cans. If they were made, kilo & mega farad electrolytic capacitors would have volumes of roughly a thousand & a million soup cans respectively! Nonelectrolytic capacitors would be far larger!!!
Mostly the leakage of capacitors is due to the resistor.