This could be dangerous if you aren't very careful. Take the transformer out of the welding machine. Put it on a wooden bench. Apply 12 volts to the input side with a car battery. Measure the input volts with a volt meter and write down the value. Then use your volt meter to measure the output voltage. If you have no output voltage then your transformer is obviously blown. You should read an output voltage that is higher than the input voltage based on the number of winding in the coil and/or the manufacturers specifications. According to Faraday's law the only output voltage you will read is at the exact time power is applied to or taken away from the input when using dc power. Otherwise you will have to apply ac power which is much more powerful ( and more dangerous ) than the 12v dc. Your volt meter may not be designed to read high enough voltage for the output you would see with 110 v ac.
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According to my research in order to become a Welder you will need to take a test to receive your Welder's certificate. Once you get the certificate you can apply for jobs.
The open/short-circuit test on a transformer isn't 'needed'. It's only used if you want to find out the efficiency of a transformer.
bend test visual examination radiographic test all of the above
Back to back test give data for finding the regulation , efficiency and heating under load condition. Back to back test is performed in the presence of two identical transformer. In this test one transformer remains open and other remains loaded. Hence sumpner's back to back test is generalised form of o/c test and s/c test which is performed within one test only. Hence from this test we find core loss and full load copper loss simultaneously at a time.
No. A megger's output voltage is not high enough to test the insulation of a high-voltage transformer if, by 'high-voltage transformer ', you mean a distribution transformer or power transformer. Instead, a high-voltage test set or 'pressure tester' (e.g. a 'HiPot' tester) must be used, as these produce far higher voltages.