Used the transformer. SO will be change 40vdc.
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Humm (no pun intended) - a DC transformer, must be something new in the market. A variable potentiometer will allow you to reduce the voltage to the required voltage you need. It will have to be of a higher wattage variety to dissipate the heat that will be generated depending on the wattage of the load at 40 volts.
48 is volt scale and negative voltage is used for safety of media, to prevent attanuation and noise.
If a 48 Volt club car electric motor requires 48 volts, then it should be given a 48 volt power source, or something close to it. Too many more volts and it may burn out; not enough volts and it may not run or it will try to draw too much power and burn out the power supply.
You can increase the speed of an Yamaha 48 volt golf cart by installing a larger motor or more powerful batteries. This will produce more power to the wheels and more speed.
A lot of commercial telecommunications equipment runs on 48 volts. There are also relays that use 48 volts. I'm sure there are many other uses for this. I'm not aware of any in a typical house, if that's what you're looking for. Perhaps certain water softeners, sprinkler systems, etc. run on 48, but the ones I've seen usually run on 12.
The Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) for 84 48 is 12