Measure AC voltage with multimeter. It is easiest way to check how big ripple is. There is no way to 'calculate' value.
The best place to buy Steel products, including I Beams is from your local industrial supplier. You can check in your countries phone listings or search for them online. They will be able to source any material to suit your requirements from their network of manufacturers.
Safety factors are calculated to find out whether the weld will sustain the load. You can more sources over the internet. Some softwares are calculating this safety factors for you as you designing the construction, e.g. Autodesk Inventor. Check following link: http://wikihelp.autodesk.com/index.php?title=Product_Help/Autodesk_Inventor/Autodesk_Inventor_2011/122Engineer%27sHandbook/3266Joints/3267FixedJoints/3296WeldJointCalculator/3320SafetyFactors/3321Safetyfactorofstati Joe
field check
No, 'check' is not a keyword in java language.
Check bulbs Check hi-low switch
check all the wires that ground coming from the headlight
check fuses, if good, possibly burnt bulbs or wires, check for voltage at wires.
Check your owners manual.
Check bulb Check socket for corrosion, power and ground
Replace the bulb. The low beams and high beams use separate parts inside the bulb. If replacing the bulb does not fix the problem, check the fuses.
Check the bulbs Check the relay Check the switch
try new light bulbs
Check the bulbs and then the multifunction switch (headlight switch)
Check the multifunction switch in the column first as it controls both high & low beams, as well as check the daytime running light module if so equipped.
Check the dimmer switch and the electrical connections.
Check out Youtube.