Is called skin effect. The higher the frequency, the worse the issue.
The power factor depends on the phase angle between the voltage and current on a conductor. The amplitude of the current has no effect on it.
The conductivity of a semi-conductor can be increased by raising the temperature of the semi-conductor .
Voltage, if voltage is increased resistance in the circuit increasesAnswerResistance is determined by the length, cross-sectional area, and resistivity of a conductor. Resistivity is, in turn, affected by temperature -so temperature indirectly affects resistance.These are the only factors that affect resistance. Voltage and current have no direct effect whatsoever on resistance. Current can affect resistance indirectly if it causes the conductor's temperature to increase.For AC circuits, 'skin effect', due to frequency, causes the current to flow towards the surface of a conductor which acts to reduce the effective cross-sectional area of that conductor. So, frequency can also indirectly affect resistance.
increase the size of conductor ,provide the hallow conductor,increase the critical disruptive voltage bv providing shunt capacitors. these capacitors increases the power capacity of the line.
As we know that skin effect occures in ac system.skin effect dependes on frequncy.In case of dc syastem frequncy is zero.So skin effect for conductor is not applicable for dc.
DEFINITION: Nonuniform density of current due to its characteristic to flow more at the surface of the conductor than that of the other section of the conductor called Skin Effect in power system.EFFECT: Due to the skin effect, whole section of the conductor can not be utilized properly. Moreover, skin effect causes increment in effective resistance of the conductor and in power loss.
ya
<center> # 2 If the conductor is composed of one or more concentric circular elements, then the center portion of the conductor will be enveloped by a greater magnetic flux than those on the outside. Consequently the self induced back-emf will be greater towards the center of the conductor, thus causing the current density to be less at the center than the conductor surface. This extra concentration at the surface is known as skin effect, and results in an increase in the effective resistance of the conductor.
The skin effect in radio frequency is caused by the tendency of high-frequency alternating currents to flow on the surface of a conductor rather than throughout its entire cross-section. This occurs because at higher frequencies, the current density is higher at the surface due to electromagnetic fields pushing the electrons towards the outer layers of the conductor, resulting in increased resistance and higher attenuation of the signal.
when a conductor is carrying a steady DC current,it is uniformly distributed over the whole cross section of the conductor. however, an alternating current flowing through the conductor does not distribute uniformly . Rather it has a tendency to concentrate near the surface of the conductor. This is known as skin effect
The skin effect occurs in conductors carrying alternating currents, where the tendency is for the current to flow towards the surface of the conductor. The effect increases with frequency. At radio frequencies, the skin effect is so pronounced, that there is little point in using solid conductors, so tubes are used instead.The skin effect is responsible for the so-called 'AC resistance'. This is because the skin effect acts to reduce the effective cross-sectional area of a conductor, thus increasing its resistance compared to when a DC current passes through the conductor.
The higher the frequency of the current is, the further the travelling electrons are from the center of the conductor section. That's skin effect. In very high frenquencies, such an effect even increases the resistance of the conductor because the current has less place to travel in.
The skin effect refers to the tendency of high-frequency alternating current to flow more on the surface of a conductor than through its interior. On the other hand, the proximity effect (often confused with the "franty effect") is an additional increase in resistance that occurs when multiple conductors carrying high-frequency currents are placed close to each other, leading to non-uniform current distribution.
In electricity, this happens with alternating current. It is the tendency for the electrons to flow near thesurface ("skin") of the conductor.
Skin effect is the tendency of more electrons to travel on the outside of a conductor than on the inside. The skin effect is more pronounced as frequency goes up.
Electric current can flow through the entire volume of a copper conductor, not just on the surface. This is due to the free electrons within the conductor that can move throughout the material and carry the current. The skin effect, which causes higher frequencies to flow more on the surface, is typically only significant at very high frequencies.