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The BACKWARD-WAVE OSCILLATOR (BWO) is a microwave-frequency, velocity-modulated tube that operates on the same principle as the Traveling Wave Tube. However, a traveling wave that moves from the electron gun end of the tube toward the collector is not used in the BWO. Instead, the BWO extracts energy from the electron beam by using a backward wave that travels from the collector toward the electron gun(cathode). Otherwise, the electron bunching action and energy extraction from the electron beam is very similar to the actions in a Travelling Wave Tube.
The typical BWO is constructed from a folded transmission line or waveguide that winds back and forth across the path of the electron beam, as shown in figure.
The folded waveguide in the illustration serves the same purpose as the helix in a Traveling Wave Tube(TWT). The fixed spacing of the folded waveguide limits the bandwidth of the BWO. Since the frequency of a given waveguide is constant, the frequency of the BWO
is controlled by the transit time of the electron beam. The transit time is controlled by the collector
potential.
Thus, the output frequency can be changed by varying the collector voltage, which is a definite advantage. As in the TWT, the electron beam in the BWO is focused by a magnet placed around the body of
the tube.
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Applications of wien bridge oscillator?
A Wein Bridge Oscillator is a oscillator which is used for the measurement of Audio Frequency.
Working of transistor as an oscillator?
A transistor is often referred to as an oscillator because of its ability to transfer resistance. it can also switch off and on repeatedly, mimicking an oscillator.
What are the Difference between RC oscillator And LC oscillator?
The difference between an RC and LC is that the frequency - determining device in the RC oscillator is not a tank circuit. LC can operate with A or C biasing, while RC can only operate with A.
Why LC oscillator not suitable for audio frequency?
Another type of sine-wave generator uses inductors and capacitors for its frequency-determining network. This type is known as the LC OSCILLATOR. LC oscillators, which use tank circuits, are commonly used for the higher radio frequencies. They are not suitable for use as extremely low-frequency oscillators because the inductors and capacitors would be large in size, heavy, and costly to manufacture.
What is the circuit diagram of magnetostriction oscillator?
magneto striction oscillator is used to produce ultrasonic waves by using the the principle of inverse piezo electric effect
Bjt in sine wave oscillator?
it is an oscillator
What is audio Oscillator?
An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a repetitive electronic signal, often a sine wave or a square wave.
What is an audio oscillator?
An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a repetitive electronic signal, often a sine wave or a square wave.
Can solve the harmonic oscillator expectation value?
The expectation value of an operator in the harmonic oscillator can be calculated by using the wave functions (eigenfunctions) of the harmonic oscillator and the corresponding eigenvalues (energies). The expectation value of an operator A is given by the integral of the product of the wave function and the operator applied to the wave function, squared, integrated over all space.
What is an oscillator and what are its main components?
oscillator is an electronic device used to generate wave form by using the concept of feed back.
Why oscillator is needed in transmitter circuit?
Low frequency signal are not able to get propagated throught longer distance. So it is to be carried by a carrier wave. Hence high frequency carrier wave is to be generated by the help of an oscillator. So we need an oscillator here a crystal oscillator to produce high frequency carrier waves.
Why crystal oscillator called clap oscillator?
armstron osillator and work
How would you explain phase shift oscilater?
A phase-shift oscillator is a linear electronic oscillator circuit that produces a sine wave output.
Wave function for time independent harmonic oscillator?
The wave function for a time-independent harmonic oscillator can be expressed in terms of Hermite polynomials and Gaussian functions. It takes the form of the product of a Gaussian function and a Hermite polynomial, and describes the probability amplitude for finding the oscillator in a particular state. The solutions to the Schrödinger equation for the harmonic oscillator exhibit quantized energy levels, known as energy eigenstates.
Applications of ujt other than relaxation oscillator?
It can be used as a Sawtooth wave generator
How is a carrier wave produced?
A carrier wave is produced by an electronic oscillator that generates a steady waveform at a specific frequency. This waveform serves as the base signal on which information is modulated for transmission in communication systems like radio and television. The carrier wave's frequency determines the bandwidth and reception quality of the transmitted signal.
Who invented backward wave oscillator?
The backward wave oscillator was invented by brothers Russell and Sigurd Varian in 1935. They built the first working model at Stanford University. The oscillator is a type of vacuum tube that produces microwaves and is often used in radar systems and particle accelerators.
