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The efficiency of the gas engine is key to assessing cost benefit of biogas for electricity. The most common primary use of biogas is to provide heat to the Anaerobic Digesters that are processing the material to generate biogas. There is commonly more gas produced than required to achieve this. In that case there are a few options namely: use the biogas in a combined heat and power engine, upgrade the gas to inject into the gas network or provide vehicle fuel.

The main disadvantages of using biogas to produce electricity are the efficiency of gas engines. They may operate at a combined efficiency of 80% (i.e. for 1kWh of gas in it will produce 0.3kWh of electricity and 0.5kWh of heat). This relies on sufficient heat demand. Gas upgrade requires energy for the processing of gas but will lose very little of the stored energy in the gas which can be transported to an energy demand.

In summary:

1) Capital outlays for biogas production and use in CHP are high.

2) The efficiency of the system is only maximised when there is a local heat demand, i.e. a large majority of the inhabitants participate, or it can be attached to the local heating supply network.

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Q: What are the disadvantages of biogas electricity?
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