The tendency to attribute all of a person's behavior to one of that person's traits. Like everything a person does is because he is overweight, no other reasons. Or everything a girl does is because she is bad in school.
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Over-attribution is the tendency to assign a single cause to a complex event without taking into account other contributing factors. This cognitive bias can lead to oversimplification and misunderstanding of the true causes of a situation.
If Rachel attributes all of her success to her personal qualities and all of her failures to the circumstances, Rachel is engaged in over-attribution.