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In physics, the perpendicular axis theorem (or plane figure theorem) can be used to determine the moment of inertia of a rigid object that lies entirely within a plane, about an axis perpendicular to the plane, given the moments of inertia of the object about two perpendicular axes lying within the plane. The axes must all pass through a single point in the plane.
Define perpendicular axes , , and (which meet at origin ) so that the body lies in the plane, and the axis is perpendicular to the plane of the body. Let Ix, Iy and Iz be moments of inertia about axis x, y, z respectively, the perpendicular axis theorem states that[1]
This rule can be applied with the parallel axis theorem and the stretch rule to find moments of inertia for a variety of shapes.
If a planar object (or prism, by the stretch rule) has rotational symmetry such that and are equal, then the perpendicular axes theorem provides the useful relationship:
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State and prove the parallel axis theorem?
the moment of inertia of a body about a given axis is equal to the sum of its moment of inertia about a parallel axis passing through its centre of mass and the product of its mass and square of perpendicular distance between two axis Iz=Ix+Iy
State ane prove perpendicular axis theorem?
The perpendicular axis theorem states that the moment of inertia of a planar object about an axis perpendicular to its plane is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia about two perpendicular axes lying in the plane of the object and intersecting the first axis. This theorem can be proven using the parallel axis theorem and considering the individual moments of inertia about each axis. The perpendicular axis theorem is commonly used to find the moment of inertia of thin planar objects.
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