The Arabic writing system is abjadic, meaning that the script is made up entirely of consonants. Diacritics can be used to represent the vowels, but they are only found in the Quran and children's books. But, there is the letter alif (ا), along with two other letters to represent long vowels. When the hamza (ء) is above the alif (أ), it makes the "a" sound. But, if it is below the alif (إ) it makes an "i" sound.
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