== == Capitalism has, and has had, many supporters and had no founder because it developed gradually and naturally as the feudal arrangements of the Middle Ages gave way. You may be thinking though of Adam Smith whose book, "The Wealth of Nations", published in 1776, gave the first and most important analysis of the principles on which it is based. Economists still study it to this day.
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No one knows; it was just another way for thousands of poor people to survive. Some historians believe that capitalism or the "spirit of capitalism" started in the 14th century. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism#History. I know its from Wikipedia but it does have links to other more creditable web sites about capitalism.
It depends on how you define capitalism. As an explicit theory, capitalism was created by ADAM SMITH in the late 1700s. However, the idea that groups of people could gather money together and freely spend it in the marketplace, as opposed to a barter system or government-controlled marketplace of some variety (like feudalism or mercantilism) is much older than Adam Smith and could be said to have started in the 1200s and 1300s when systems of credit and preliminary banking were first introduced by the Crusading Knights.
There is no individual "father of capitalism" as such. But the father of capitalist economic theory was Adam Smith.
In terms of the formalization of economic theory, Adam Smith is the founder of free market capitalism.
Socialism/ccommunism
The Communists and Socialists, like Stalin's Russia, Communist China, North Korea, ect. Germany's Karl Marx basically started the (rightful) bashing of capitalism.
Capitalism really started to develop in Europe in the early-mid 1800's, but the seeds of modern capitalism could be seen as far back as the 14 and 1500's.
To what extend did the new deal strengthen or weaken the usa capitalism?
Capitalism