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The Rational Comprehensive theory of decision making is not to be confused with rational choice theory. The Rational Comprehensive Theory of decision making is a theory that when perceived as how decisions should be made is normative and when viewed as how decision are made is empirical. The Rational Comprehensive theory of decision making has six key elements. First, the decision maker is faced with a problem which can be isolated from other problems or at the minimum can be significantly considered in comparison to them. Secondly, the goals, values, and objectives motivating the decision maker are explicit and can be ranked according to importance. Thirdly, the alternative methods for dealing with the problem are scrutinized. Fourthly, the outcomes of each alternative (i.e. costs/benefits and advantages/disadvantages) are examined. Fifthly, each alternative along with its attendant outcomes is then compared with the other alternatives. The decision maker will choose the alternative, and its outcome, that maximizes attainment of his/her goals, values, and objectives (this is call optimization). The Rational comprehensive decision making theory has been criticized for its implausibility being such that it demands far more than is intellectually possible ignoring the decision makers probable lack of information, limited knowledge of costs/benefits of an alternative/limited ability to appraise all costs/benefits, difficulty in defining the problem at hand in the first place, and inapplicability to collective decision making where all values, beliefs, and objectives are not in perfect accord. Furthermore, sunk costs are often an issue affecting decision making and complicating the consideration of many alternatives impede on the fundamental idea of rational comprehensive decision making which demands consideration of ALL possible alternatives. In short, it is mostly viewed as unrealistic and idealistic.

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