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It has to do with the VSEPR model for electron shell configurations. Zinc being the final transition metal in the 4th row of the Periodic Table has a full "D" shell of valance electrons. Gallium being the following element in the 4th row now has one valence electron in the "P" shell which is not full. An element with a full valence shell of whatever type will have a higher first ionization energy then an element with a shell that is not full.
The first ionization energy of magnesium is higher than that of sodium because magnesium has a greater nuclear charge and a smaller atomic radius compared to sodium. This results in stronger attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electron in magnesium, making it more difficult to remove that electron.
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Why is the ionistaion energy of magnesium higher than that of sodium?
The ionization energy of magnesium is higher than that of sodium because magnesium has a higher nuclear charge and more protons in its nucleus, leading to stronger attraction to its electrons. This makes it more difficult to remove an electron from a magnesium atom compared to a sodium atom.
Why is it easier to remove an electron from a sodium atom than from a magnesium atom?
Phosphorus has a higher energy level so it pulls harder on its electrons.
Sodium is more or less active than magnesium?
Sodium is less active than magnesium. Magnesium is located higher in the reactivity series of metals than sodium, indicating that magnesium is more reactive and likely to form compounds with other elements compared to sodium.
Why Magnesium metal is a better conductor than Sodium metal?
Magnesium metal is a better conductor than Sodium metal because it has more free electrons to carry electric charge due to its atomic structure. Magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell, compared to Sodium's one, making it a more efficient conductor of electricity. Additionally, the higher atomic mass of Magnesium allows for better mobility of electrons, resulting in higher conductivity.
What happens in the reaction between sodium hydroxide and magnesium sulphate?
When sodium hydroxide reacts with magnesium sulfate, a double displacement reaction occurs where the sodium ions from sodium hydroxide switch places with the magnesium ions from magnesium sulfate to form sodium sulfate and magnesium hydroxide. The products of this reaction are aqueous sodium sulfate and a white precipitate of magnesium hydroxide.
Is ionisation enthalpy of potassium higher than that of sodium?
The ionisation enthalpy of potassium is lower than that of sodium.
Why is the ionistaion energy of magnesium higher than that of sodium?
The ionization energy of magnesium is higher than that of sodium because magnesium has a higher nuclear charge and more protons in its nucleus, leading to stronger attraction to its electrons. This makes it more difficult to remove an electron from a magnesium atom compared to a sodium atom.
Which one between sodium and chlorine has the higher ionisation energy?
Chlorine has the higher ionization energy compared to sodium. This is because chlorine has a larger number of protons in its nucleus, creating a stronger positive charge that holds its electrons more tightly.
Which substance sodium oxide or magnesium oxide has higher melting point?
sodium oxide: 1132oC magnesium oxide: 2852oC
Why is it easier to remove an electron from a sodium atom than from a magnesium atom?
Phosphorus has a higher energy level so it pulls harder on its electrons.
Sodium is more or less active than magnesium?
Sodium is less active than magnesium. Magnesium is located higher in the reactivity series of metals than sodium, indicating that magnesium is more reactive and likely to form compounds with other elements compared to sodium.
Why the first ionisation energy of potassium is only a little less than the ionisation energy of sodium?
The first ionization energy of potassium is only slightly less than that of sodium because both elements have one valence electron in their outermost shell, so they have similar electron configuration. The greater nuclear charge in potassium is offset by the increased shielding effect from the extra electron shell, making the removal of the valence electron in potassium slightly easier than in sodium.
Is the ionisation energy of sodium same as chlorine?
No, the ionization energy of sodium is not the same as chlorine. The ionization energy of sodium is lower than that of chlorine because sodium requires less energy to remove an electron. Sodium has a single electron in its outer shell, while chlorine has seven electrons in its outer shell, making it harder to remove an electron.
Will sodium react with magnesium?
Yes, sodium will react with magnesium to form a compound called sodium magnesium alloy. This reaction typically involves the transfer of electrons from the sodium atoms to magnesium atoms. It is a highly exothermic reaction that can result in the release of significant amounts of energy.
How would you explain the fact that the first ionization enthalpy of sodium is lower than that of magnesium but its second ionization enthalpy is higher than that of magnesium?
The first ionization enthalpy of sodium is lower than that of magnesium because sodium has a larger atomic size and the outer electron is farther away from the nucleus, making it easier to remove. However, the second ionization enthalpy of sodium is higher than that of magnesium because removing a second electron requires breaking into a complete electron shell, which requires more energy for sodium compared to magnesium due to their electron configurations.
Why Magnesium metal is a better conductor than Sodium metal?
Magnesium metal is a better conductor than Sodium metal because it has more free electrons to carry electric charge due to its atomic structure. Magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell, compared to Sodium's one, making it a more efficient conductor of electricity. Additionally, the higher atomic mass of Magnesium allows for better mobility of electrons, resulting in higher conductivity.
What is the first ionization energy for sodium?
The first ionization energy of sodium is 495.8 kJ/mol. This is the energy required to remove one electron from a neutral sodium atom to form a sodium ion.
