Many different scientific disciplines could be used to answer your question. Astrophysics studies planetary motion, stellar motion, the movements of comets, asteroids, etc (when applied to the solar system).
Astronomy studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole.
Cosmology studies the history of the cosmos which includes a detailed study of our own solar system.
Stellar evolution studies the life (formation, evolution, death) and kinds of stars.
Etc.
Many disciplines could answer your question. I hope this helped.
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Earth and space systems are studied by the field of Earth and Space Sciences. This interdisciplinary field includes sub-disciplines such as geology, meteorology, astronomy, and planetary science. Research in Earth and Space Sciences focuses on understanding the processes that shape our planet and the universe beyond.
Astronomy is the science that studies celestial objects and phenomena in space. Geology is the science that studies Earth's physical structure and substance, as well as the processes that act upon it.
earth science
The branch of science that studies the Earth, universe, weather, and oceans is called Earth and space science, or Earth sciences. This field encompasses disciplines such as geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy that focus on studying different aspects of the Earth and outer space.
The major science that studies Earth and its place in space is known as Earth science or geoscience. It includes disciplines such as geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy, which all contribute to our understanding of Earth's processes, history, and interactions within the broader universe.
Astronomy is the branch of earth science that studies objects in space, such as stars, planets, galaxies, and the universe as a whole. It focuses on understanding the physical and chemical properties of celestial bodies and their interactions.