I believe that the most common elements found in nature are the following:
Carbon (C)
Oxygen (O)
Sodium (Na)
Nitrogen (N)
Hydrogen (H)
Ones commonly used by humans are:
Aluminium (Al)
Iron (Fe)
Copper (Cu)
Zinc (Zn)
Magnesium (Mg)
Titanium (Ti)
Chlorine (Cl)
There are also some very common polyatomic ions and compounds such as:
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Oxygen Gas (O2)
Sulfates (SO4)
Sulfides (SO3)
Salt/Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Carbonates (CO3)
Alcohol (CH3COOH)
Glucose (C6H12O6)
There are many more common compounds, atoms, and polyatomic ions.
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Oxygen is the most abundant nonmetallic element on Earth, making up about 46% of the Earth's crust by weight.
Hydrogen is the most common element in the universe, and in the Sun.
Oxygen is the most abundant element by volume in Earth's atmosphere, making up about 21% of the air we breathe.
The most abundant element in Earth's crust is oxygen, making up about 46% of its mass. Silicon is the second most abundant element, comprising about 28% of the Earth's crust.
Oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth's lithosphere, comprising about 45% of its mass.
The most abundant element on Earth is oxygen, making up about 47% of the Earth's crust by weight.