mineral matter, organic matter, water and air
At a simple level - minerals of a vast potential range in both particle size and chemical composition, organic matter - both dead and decomposing and live material from almost any form of life, soluble salts of a potentially almost endless variety, and microbes - bacteria, fungi etc. etc etc.
At a simple level - minerals of a vast potential range in both particle size and chemical composition, organic matter - both dead and decomposing and live material from almost any form of life, soluble salts of a potentially almost endless variety, and microbes - bacteria, fungi etc. etc etc.
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Soil is composed of minerals, organic matter, water, air, and living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and earthworms. The proportions of these components can vary depending on the type of soil and its location.
Soil is composed of mineral particles (such as sand, silt, and clay), organic matter (such as decaying plant material and microorganisms), water, and air. The proportions of these components determine the soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties.
The average soil is composed of about 45% minerals, 25% water, 25% air, and 5% organic matter.
Clay soil is composed of very fine particles that are the smallest of all soil types. It is created through the weathering of rocks rich in minerals like feldspar and quartz. Clay soil can be sticky and compact, making it challenging for water and air to move through.
Mars soil is primarily composed of basaltic rock, which is rich in iron and magnesium. It also contains minerals like olivine and pyroxene, along with some sulfur compounds. Additionally, there are traces of water molecules and organic compounds found in the Martian soil.
The layer of solid rock below the soil is called bedrock. It is composed of consolidated rock that serves as the foundation for the soil layer above it.