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What is the Ka value for ammonium nitrate?
The Ka value for ammonium nitrate is zero because it does not undergo significant dissociation into ions in water. Ammonium nitrate is a strong electrolyte and dissociates into ammonium and nitrate ions completely in water.
How many atoms of hydrogen are in ammonia cleaning soulition?
It's a straight-forward stochiometric calculation. But first, we need to ask the question a bit more precisely. For example, how many Hydrogen atoms are in 100 milliliters (i.e. about 100 grams) of 10% ammonia in water (no soaps or surfactants). ACE hardware brand is about as pure a "cleaning" ammonia solutions as I can find in a retail store. However, it's not pure ammonia (NH3, NH4). Instead, the ammonia is in the compound Ammonia Hydroxide, NH4OH. Now, this molecular formula tells us that each *molecule* of Ammonia Hydroxide contains 5 hydrogen atoms, one nitrogen and one oxygen atom for a total of 7 atoms in the molecule. Now, we haven't really answered your question yet. We only know that we have 5 hydrogen atoms of in each molecule of ammonia hydroxide, and we have a 10% solution of ammonia hydroxide presumably in 100% pure water, H2O. To know how many hydrogen atoms are in a given amount of cleaning solution, we need to know how much these molecules weigh (i.e, their mass) and then do a bit of math to arrive at the number of hydrogen atoms. To do this, we need two very important tools: a periodic table of the elements to get each atoms atomic weight, and Avogadro's number. Avagadro's number (6.022 x 10^23, that's 10 to the 23rd power) is the unit of measure that defines how many atoms of stuff (any element) are in a *mole*, or "mol". What's a mole? It's a unit of measure. It's like a dozen of something. A dozen eggs is 12 eggs. A dozen donuts is 12 donuts is 12 donuts. Likewise, a mole of something is 6.022x10^23 of something. Why do we need these two measures? Because, scientists have measured and recorded the weight of each of the elements on the periodic table using these units of measure. If you look at a periodic table, Hydrogen, element number 1, has an atomic weight of 1.00794. That means 6.022 x 10^23 atoms of hydrogen, collected together and put on a scale weighs 1.00794 grams, on average (isotopes of an element can weight more or less). With this information, we can convert grams of cleaning solution into grams of ammonia hydroxide, and furthermore moles or numbers of atoms of each element, thereby answering your question. We do it this way because we don't buy ammonia cleaner at the store by how many moles of solution there are. We buy it by the ounce or milliliter. First, we need figure out the molecular weights of the two compounds in our solution: 1. ammonia hydroxide (NH40H), 2. water (H2O). For NH4OH, Here are the numbers of each atoms and their atomic weights added together: 1 x N (14.0067) = 14.0067 5 x H (1.00794) = 5.0397 1 x O (15.9994) = 15.9994 ------------------------- Total: 35.0458 grams / mole of NH40H or, written in terms of Avagadro's number, we can say the total weight is 35.0458 grams / 6.022x10^23 molecules of NH4oH. This is a conversion factor (fraction) that we'll use later to convert weights to molecules. For H2O, Here we do the same: 2 x H (1.00794) = 2.0159 1 x O (15.9994) = 15.9994 ------------------------- Total: 18.01528 grams/mole or, again, in terms of Avagadro's number, we say the total weight is 18.01528 grams / 6.022x10^23 molecules of H2O. Now, lets figure out hydrogen atoms in 100 milliliters (ml) of cleaning solution that's 10% ammonia by weight(see note below). We know that 1 ml of pure water weights 1 gram We do the math, using our conversion factors to get the number of hydrogen atoms present. Both the ammonia hydroxide and the water contain hydrogen atoms. We'll calculate them separately, then add them together for the total. First, the NH4OH atoms. Remember, each *molecule* has *5* hydrogen atoms: 100grams cleaner x (10% NH40H/grams cleaner) x (6.022x10^23 molecules NH40H / 35.0458 grams) x (5 atoms Hydrogen/molecule NH40H) = 8.5916 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in the ammonia hydroxide. Next, the H2O atoms. Each *molecule* of H2O has *2* hydrogen atoms: 100grams cleaner x (90% H2O/grams cleaner) x (6.022x10^23 molecules H2O / 18.01528 grams) x (2 atoms hydrogen/molecule H2O) = 60.1689 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in the water. If you add these numbers together, the total hydrogen atoms in both the ammonia hydroxide and the water are: ..8.5916 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in NH4OH +60.1689 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in H2O ---------------- 68.7605 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in 100 grams of cleaning solution from Ace hardware. Obviously, the majority of hydrogen atoms in the solution are in the water, as is expected. If someone cares to check to check my work, I didn't really spend a lot of time double checking my numbers. Hopefully, I got them right. And, there you have your answer. Note: While the percentage of ammonia hydroxide is most likely by *volume*, I'll calculate it as it were by *weight* or mass. Otherwise, I'd have to throw in some density conversions to get weights by volumes, which would just add to the calculations. We'll keep things simple to demonstrate the process of getting the answer. Also, we used the rough approximation that 1 ml of solution weighs 1 gram. While this works with water at standard temperature at sea level, ammonia is different. However, only 10% of our solution is ammonia,so an approximation is good enough to demonstrate how we do the calculations.
What is the Ka value for ammonium nitrate?
The Ka value for ammonium nitrate is zero because it does not undergo significant dissociation into ions in water. Ammonium nitrate is a strong electrolyte and dissociates into ammonium and nitrate ions completely in water.
How many atoms of hydrogen are in ammonia cleaning soulition?
It's a straight-forward stochiometric calculation. But first, we need to ask the question a bit more precisely. For example, how many Hydrogen atoms are in 100 milliliters (i.e. about 100 grams) of 10% ammonia in water (no soaps or surfactants). ACE hardware brand is about as pure a "cleaning" ammonia solutions as I can find in a retail store. However, it's not pure ammonia (NH3, NH4). Instead, the ammonia is in the compound Ammonia Hydroxide, NH4OH. Now, this molecular formula tells us that each *molecule* of Ammonia Hydroxide contains 5 hydrogen atoms, one nitrogen and one oxygen atom for a total of 7 atoms in the molecule. Now, we haven't really answered your question yet. We only know that we have 5 hydrogen atoms of in each molecule of ammonia hydroxide, and we have a 10% solution of ammonia hydroxide presumably in 100% pure water, H2O. To know how many hydrogen atoms are in a given amount of cleaning solution, we need to know how much these molecules weigh (i.e, their mass) and then do a bit of math to arrive at the number of hydrogen atoms. To do this, we need two very important tools: a periodic table of the elements to get each atoms atomic weight, and Avogadro's number. Avagadro's number (6.022 x 10^23, that's 10 to the 23rd power) is the unit of measure that defines how many atoms of stuff (any element) are in a *mole*, or "mol". What's a mole? It's a unit of measure. It's like a dozen of something. A dozen eggs is 12 eggs. A dozen donuts is 12 donuts is 12 donuts. Likewise, a mole of something is 6.022x10^23 of something. Why do we need these two measures? Because, scientists have measured and recorded the weight of each of the elements on the periodic table using these units of measure. If you look at a periodic table, Hydrogen, element number 1, has an atomic weight of 1.00794. That means 6.022 x 10^23 atoms of hydrogen, collected together and put on a scale weighs 1.00794 grams, on average (isotopes of an element can weight more or less). With this information, we can convert grams of cleaning solution into grams of ammonia hydroxide, and furthermore moles or numbers of atoms of each element, thereby answering your question. We do it this way because we don't buy ammonia cleaner at the store by how many moles of solution there are. We buy it by the ounce or milliliter. First, we need figure out the molecular weights of the two compounds in our solution: 1. ammonia hydroxide (NH40H), 2. water (H2O). For NH4OH, Here are the numbers of each atoms and their atomic weights added together: 1 x N (14.0067) = 14.0067 5 x H (1.00794) = 5.0397 1 x O (15.9994) = 15.9994 ------------------------- Total: 35.0458 grams / mole of NH40H or, written in terms of Avagadro's number, we can say the total weight is 35.0458 grams / 6.022x10^23 molecules of NH4oH. This is a conversion factor (fraction) that we'll use later to convert weights to molecules. For H2O, Here we do the same: 2 x H (1.00794) = 2.0159 1 x O (15.9994) = 15.9994 ------------------------- Total: 18.01528 grams/mole or, again, in terms of Avagadro's number, we say the total weight is 18.01528 grams / 6.022x10^23 molecules of H2O. Now, lets figure out hydrogen atoms in 100 milliliters (ml) of cleaning solution that's 10% ammonia by weight(see note below). We know that 1 ml of pure water weights 1 gram We do the math, using our conversion factors to get the number of hydrogen atoms present. Both the ammonia hydroxide and the water contain hydrogen atoms. We'll calculate them separately, then add them together for the total. First, the NH4OH atoms. Remember, each *molecule* has *5* hydrogen atoms: 100grams cleaner x (10% NH40H/grams cleaner) x (6.022x10^23 molecules NH40H / 35.0458 grams) x (5 atoms Hydrogen/molecule NH40H) = 8.5916 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in the ammonia hydroxide. Next, the H2O atoms. Each *molecule* of H2O has *2* hydrogen atoms: 100grams cleaner x (90% H2O/grams cleaner) x (6.022x10^23 molecules H2O / 18.01528 grams) x (2 atoms hydrogen/molecule H2O) = 60.1689 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in the water. If you add these numbers together, the total hydrogen atoms in both the ammonia hydroxide and the water are: ..8.5916 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in NH4OH +60.1689 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in H2O ---------------- 68.7605 x 10^23 Hydrogen atoms in 100 grams of cleaning solution from Ace hardware. Obviously, the majority of hydrogen atoms in the solution are in the water, as is expected. If someone cares to check to check my work, I didn't really spend a lot of time double checking my numbers. Hopefully, I got them right. And, there you have your answer. Note: While the percentage of ammonia hydroxide is most likely by *volume*, I'll calculate it as it were by *weight* or mass. Otherwise, I'd have to throw in some density conversions to get weights by volumes, which would just add to the calculations. We'll keep things simple to demonstrate the process of getting the answer. Also, we used the rough approximation that 1 ml of solution weighs 1 gram. While this works with water at standard temperature at sea level, ammonia is different. However, only 10% of our solution is ammonia,so an approximation is good enough to demonstrate how we do the calculations.
