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The earths rotational axis is tipped 23.5 degrees from vertical

The earths rotational axis remains parallel throughout its orbit of the sun,

so at one point in the yearly orbit the top half of the axis is at maximum tilt away from the sun, this is the winter solstice / shortest day (northern hemisphere) and

summer solstice / longest day (Southern Hemisphere)

Half a year later the positions are reversed as the axis remains parallel leaving the top of the axis tilting in.

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12y ago
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5mo ago

During a solstice, either the summer or winter solstice, Earth's axial tilt causes one hemisphere to be tilted towards the Sun, resulting in longer or shorter days depending on the hemisphere. This is when the Sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky, leading to the longest day or night of the year.

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Q: What is happening on the Earth during a solitice?
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