The highest oxidation state ever achieved by an element is +8. This oxidation state can be found in 3 elements: Osmium, Ruthenium and Xenon.
The synthetic element Hassium is also expected to have this oxidation state.
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The element most likely to have an oxidation state of +2 is calcium. This is because calcium readily loses its two valence electrons to form a stable Ca2+ ion.
The lowest oxidation state possible for an element is -4
This is observed in Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin and Lead
The highest oxidation state that is known to occur in a metallic ion is +8. This occurs in the formation of tetroxides with ruthenium, xenon, osmium, iridium, hassium, plutonium, and curium.
There are 3 elements which have the highest oxidation state of +8. They are Osmium, Ruthenium and Xenon
One of the alkaline earth metals (column 2 of a wide form Periodic Table) is most likely to have an oxidation state of +2. Oxygen and sulfur are most likely to have an oxidation state of -2.
the number of electrons the element needs to lose or gain to have a full valence shell
Sulfur is an element that commonly has an oxidation state of -2 when it forms compounds like hydrogen sulfide (H2S) or sulfides (e.g., FeS).
The oxidation state of chloride (Cl) is -1. As a halogen, chloride is usually found with an oxidation state of -1 in most compounds.
2(IIA) Because The elements in Group 2 (IIA) are metals with a +2 oxidation state. Thus one atom of a Group 2 metal can combine with 2 atoms of chlorine (oxidation state = -1)
In one's initial studies of chemistry it is -1. However, don't forget that in chlorine itself the O.S. is zero.