Potassium has a higher ionization energy than cesium.
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Cesium has a larger first ionization energy compared to potassium. This is because cesium is located further down the Periodic Table in the alkali metal group, meaning it has a larger atomic radius and a lower effective nuclear charge, both of which make it easier to remove an electron from potassium than from cesium.
Sodium has the greatest ionization energy of the four elements listed from column 1 of a wide form periodic table. Among this group of metals that readily form cations, the largest always has the lowest ionization energy and the smallest has the most. This is generally ascribed to the fact that the valence shell electron is further from the nucleus in the largest element and nearest in the smallest element.
The second ionization energy of calcium is greater than that of potassium. This is because calcium, with its higher nuclear charge and smaller atomic size compared to potassium, holds onto its electrons more tightly.
Element P (phosphorus) has a lower first ionization energy than element S (sulfur).
Bromine has a higher ionization energy than potassium. This is because bromine's electrons are held more tightly due to its higher nuclear charge and smaller atomic size compared to potassium.
The element with a higher first ionization energy than chlorine Cl is fluorine F. Fluorine is located to the left of chlorine in the periodic table, which means it has a smaller atomic radius and stronger nuclear attraction, requiring more energy to remove an electron.