Once a tornado touches down, very little has a major impact on it. An established tornado can pass over buildings, trees, hills, and even mountains without weakening. The tornado is more affected by the air masses within a thunderstorm.
In terms of effects the tornado has, vegetation and man made structures in the tornado's path are usually damaged or destroyed. In the most violent tornadoes of the top 0.5% or so roads and topsoil may be stripped away.
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Tornadoes can cause significant damage to the Earth's surface by uprooting trees, destroying buildings, and causing soil erosion. Additionally, tornadoes can leave behind a path of debris and can disrupt ecosystems by altering landscapes and habitats.
Height above earths surface is called elevation
The Earth's surface layer is called the crust.
Energy from Earth's interior, in the form of heat, drives processes such as plate tectonics which cause volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and the creation of mountains. The movement of molten rock in the mantle creates pressure that can result in geological activities like crustal uplift, faulting, and magma intrusions, leading to changes in the Earth's surface.
50km
Another word for Earth's outer surface is "crust."