In rock science, compaction refers to the process of reducing the volume of sedimentary rocks by the weight of overlying sediment and rock layers. This process occurs due to the removal of pore space between sediment grains, which increases the density and strength of the rock. Compaction is a key factor in the formation of sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and shale.
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Conglomerate rock would be formed by the compaction and cementation of rounded pebbles.
The process is called lithification, which involves the compaction and cementation of sediment to form sedimentary rock.
Lithification is the process by which loose sediments are compacted and cemented together to form a solid rock. It is a critical step in the formation of sedimentary rocks in the rock cycle.
When a rock is weathered or eroded, it can become sedimentary rock. This process involves the breakdown and transportation of rock particles, which then accumulate and eventually form sedimentary rocks through processes like compaction and cementation.
Limestone is a sedimentary rock formed from the compaction and cementation of the skeletons and shells of sea organisms, such as coral and mollusks.