if you mean where they rub sideways against eachother then that is called the transform movement.
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The back and forth movement caused by an earthquake is known as seismic waves. These waves travel through the Earth's crust, creating the shaking effect that we feel during an earthquake. The type of seismic waves produced can vary depending on factors such as the type of fault movement that generated the earthquake.
During the passage of a P wave through rock, particles move in the same direction as the wave propagation, which is along the direction of wave travel. The rock particles undergo alternating compression and expansion as the wave passes through, resulting in back-and-forth movement in the direction of the wave.
the movement of the matter that is back and forth, therefore it has physical properties and chemical properties which can be found on the periodic table of protons and electrons or the changes of state from solid to liquid to gas and back. science knowledge
The movement you are describing sounds like trembling or shaking. This can be caused by fear, cold, or excitement, and typically involves rapid, involuntary movements back and forth or up and down. If it's persistent, it may be a sign of an underlying health issue and should be evaluated by a medical professional.
how do particles move in the ground when an earthquake occurs
The fastest seismic wave that moves back and forth is the P-wave, or primary wave. P-waves are compressional waves that travel through solids, liquids, and gases and are the first to be detected during an earthquake. They move by causing particles in the material they travel through to vibrate in the same direction as the wave's propagation.