Some carbonation, such as that in beer, is made by yeast. The yeast cells consume glucose and metabolize it anaerobically (without oxygen). This process is called fermentation. The byproducts of yeast fermentation are EtOH and CO2 (alcohol and bubbles).
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Carbon is created through nuclear fusion in the cores of stars, where hydrogen atoms are fused to form helium. This process releases energy in the form of light and heat, allowing the star to shine. When the star runs out of hydrogen fuel, it can continue to fuse heavier elements like carbon until it eventually dies and releases carbon-rich materials back into space.
Carbon is in every substance that can be burnt. When you burn something and it turns black, that is the carbon revealing itself.
In a star, all elements heavier than hydrogen are created in stars or/and the explosions of stars.
When you exhale, you release carbon dioxide, which is a waste product created by your body's metabolism. This carbon dioxide is then expelled from your lungs and replaces it with fresh oxygen during the process of breathing.
In the carbon cycle, a carbon source releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, while a carbon sink absorbs and stores carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are created from combustion of organics. If the combustion is not 100% complete you will get carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. if its 100% you will only get carbon dioxide. (as a side note - the energy you get from food is from a process a lot like combustion, so we are internal combustion engines producing CO2. That's why we breath it out)
The carbon compound with one carbon and two oxygens is carbon dioxide (CO2).
Carbon-12 refers to a specific isotope of carbon, which is the most common form of carbon found in nature. Carbon, on the other hand, is a chemical element that can exist in different isotopic forms, with carbon-12 being one of them. So, while carbon-12 is a type of carbon, not all carbon is carbon-12.