Water moves between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere through processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration. Evaporation is when water changes from liquid to gas, rising into the atmosphere, where it can condense into clouds and fall back to the Earth as precipitation. Transpiration is the release of water vapor from plants into the atmosphere.
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carbon dioxide dissolves in cold ocean surface water. The colder the water, the more CO2 can be dissolved.
Water ice and rock are not typically considered part of the Earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere consists of gases surrounding the planet. Water ice and rock are more commonly found on the Earth's surface or in the geosphere.
The four spheres of Earth are the atmosphere (air), lithosphere (land), hydrosphere (water), and biosphere (living organisms). The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surround Earth. The lithosphere is the solid outer layer of Earth that includes the land we live on. The hydrosphere comprises all the water on Earth in the form of oceans, rivers, lakes, and more. The biosphere is the zone of life on Earth, where living organisms interact with each other and their environment.
Cyclone Tracy's impact was more localized to the area it directly affected (Northern Australia) rather than the entire Earth's hydrosphere. The cyclone caused significant flooding, storm surges, and intense rain which disrupted the local hydrosphere by altering water levels and causing erosion. However, overall global impact on Earth's hydrosphere was minimal.
Earth's hydrosphere is the total amount of water on Earth, including oceans, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and groundwater. It plays a crucial role in regulating the planet's climate, supporting ecosystems, and sustaining life. Approximately 71% of Earth's surface is covered in water.